| Article Details : |
|
| | | Article Name : | | | A review of the vertical constructed wetland ecological system as tertiary wastewater treatment: setup, performance, efficiency | | Author Name : | | | Waleed Mohammed Ahmed Gebreel, Mohammed H. M. Abuuznien, Ahmed Mohammed Osman Khairalla | | Publisher : | | | Bridge Center | | Article URL : |  | | | Abstract : | | | Disposal of untreated wastewater from households as well as institutions and industrial areas is causing deterioration of water bodies in urban areas in developing countries. Therefore a high level of responsibility towards water usage is required and must be recycled according to pollutant content to maintain water quality and protect our environment. One of the sustainable and efficient methods of treatment is the ecological system as well as a constructed wetland. Constructed wetlands (CWs) have a great potential for wastewater treatment. These systems consist of beds or channels which have been planted with helophytes (water-loving plants), which rely upon physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove wastewater contaminants. CWs are generally classified into two categories, surface flow, and subsurface flow. Both of the systems are capable of removing nitrogen, phosphorus, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, metals, and pathogens from different types of domestic and industrial wastewaters.
The paper provides a review of the vertical constructed wetland system setup and the removal mechanisms of contaminants in this system which includes many processes such as aerobic, anaerobic, microbiological conversions, sedimentation, chemical transformations, physicochemical adsorption, and chemical precipitation. This review paper presented the vertical constructed wetlands as tertiary wastewater treatment systems with high efficiency, sustainability, and effective cost.
| | Keywords : | | | Constructed wetlands, Mechanism, contaminants, wastewater treatment, and vertical constructed wetland. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Announcements
|
- Volume 9, issue 5, August issue - publishing in progress
- Volume 9, Issue 2/ May 2021 publishing IN PROGRESS
- Call for Papers: open. Articles will be uploaded constantly, once the evaluation process is complete.
- The Certificates of Publication can be downloaded from RECEIVED ARTICLES section.
- COVER - VOLUME 2, ISSUE 12 / MARCH 2015
- COVER - VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2 / MAY 2015
- COVER - VOLUME 3, ISSUE 3 / JUNE 2015
- COVER - VOLUME 3, ISSUE 4 / JULY 2015
- COVER - VOLUME 3, ISSUE 8/ NOVEMBER 2015
- COVER - VOLUME 4, ISSUE 4 / JULY 2016
- COVER - VOLUME 4, ISSUE 5 / AUGUST 2016
- COVER - VOLUME 7, ISSUE 11/ FEBRUARY 2020
- Volume 9, issue 3, June 2021 publishing in progress
|
|
|
| New Launched Project |
 |
|
|
| Recommend & Share
|
|